Paint-spraying apparatus



1,504,443 J. w. GIBBONS PAINT SPRAYING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 25, 1925 s Sheets-Sheet 1 J. W. GIBBONS PAINT SPRAYING APPARATUS Filed Auz. 25 1923 3 Shana-Sheet. 2

Aug. 12 1924.

J. W. GIBBONS.

PAINT SPRAYING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 25. 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Jnuwz fez/7226M (jab/607W *za w W W Patented Aug. 12, 19244 UNITED STATES JAMES W; GIBBONS, OF T'OIEEKA, KANSAS.

PAINT-SPRAYING' APPARATUS.

Application filed August 25, 1923. Serial No. 659,260.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMns W. Ginnons, a citizen of the United States, residing at Topeka, in the county of Shawnee and State of Kansas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Paint-Spraying Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to spraying devices and in particular to such of said devices as are commonly known as air brushes and used for the spraying of paints, varnishes, lacquers, shellac, fillers and oils of various kinds, etc.

There have been many such devices here-- tofo-re designed, butthese have not proved wholly satisfactory, principally because of either one of two reasons, namely: complicated construction, difficult of manipulation, adjustment and repair, or inefficient operation resulting in a very inferior class of work.

One object of the present invention is to provide an air brush which. is extremeiy simple in construction, operation and design, economical to manufacture and one capable of producing a class of work far superior. to anything heretofore accomplished in the use of devices of this character.

Other objects and advantages will be ap parent to those skilled in the art from a reading of the following specification taken in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein several forms of the invention are illustrated.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, of one form of spraying device constructed in accordance with the present invention. 1

Fig. 2 is a side elevation, partly in section, of one of the nozzles forming a part of the spraying device of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the nozzle shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a side elevation, partly in section, of another of the nozzles going to make up the spraying device of Fig; 1.

Fig. 5 is a front elevation of the nozzle shown in Fig. 4. e

Fig. 6 is a side elevation, partly in section, of another form of the spraying device.

Fig. 7 is a side elevation, partly inv section, of one of the nozzlesof the device shown in. Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a front elevation of the nozzle shown in Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a side elevation, partly in section, of another of the nozzles of the device shown in F ig'. 6.

Fig. 10 is a front elevation of the nozzle shown in Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a side elevation, partly in sec tion, of a substitute nozzle for the device of Fig. 6.

Fig. 12 is a front elevation of the nozzle of Fig. 11.

Fig. 13 is a sectional view showing a t-rigJ- ger actuated valve mechanism for controlling the flow of material being sprayed, and

Fig. 14 is a top plan View of the device shown in Fig. 13.

Referring more in detail to the drawings and more particularly to the Figs. 1 to '5 inclusive, the spraying device illustrated therein comprises two nozzles 10 and 11 connected together by means of a casing 12. The nozzle 10 is internally screw-threaded as at 13 for connection to a source of supply of the material to be sprayed. At its other I end the nozzle 10 is in the form of an e'lon gated stem 14 of cylindrical design, this stem having formed thereon near its outer end a shoulder 15. The stem radually diminishes in diameter, as at 16, rearWardly of shoulder 15, and is provided with an oppositely tapered head 17 forwardly thereof. A small passage 18 extends from end to end of the stem terminating at the outer end in a restricted outlet opening 19, through which the material to be sprayed is emitted. The casing 12 is internally screw-threaded as at 20 for engagement with the screwthreaded portion 21 of the nozzle 10 and the other end of said casing is internally screwthreaded as at 22 for receiving and supporting the nozzle. The nozzle 11 is provided with a central opening 23 through which the stem of the nozzle 10 extends to such an extent that the shoulder and head thereof, previously described, are enclosed within the outer bell shaped end thereof. The diameter of the stem 14 is slightly less than the diameter of the opening 23 so as to provide a restricted passage surrounding the stem 14 immediately to thercar ofthe outer end 7 surrounding the inner portion of stem 14.

The casing 12 is provided with an opening 25 communicating with the. chamber 24, said opening being screw-threaded and adapted for connection with some suitable source of air under pressure.

By reason of the screw-threaded engagement of nozzles 10 and 11 with the casing 12, said nozzles maybe relatively adjusted so as to control the size of the restricted air outlet passage 23, and likewise to alter the position "of the shoulder and head at the outer end of the stem 14 in the outer bell shaped end of the nozzle 11-.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings the parts are shown in-normal operative position from which it will be observed that the rearward taper '16 of the stem is positioned directly in the outer end of the air outlet passage 23. It will thus be apparent that by reason of this taper'relative adjustment of the nozzles will either increase or decrease the sizeot the air outlet. Importance is attached to the. shape and configuration ot the end of the stem 14, or in other words, to the shoulder 1 5'thereof, the taper 16 and the oppositely tapered head 17. Ithas proved in practice that these configurations, I in conjunction 7 with the bell shaped nozzle 11,'impart the desired motion to the air as it is emitted into said nozzle'll, resulting in a smooth and continuous siphoning .elfect upon the material being sprayed and alsoflin complete atomization thereof.

Thenform of spraying device illustrated in Figs. '6 to 10 inclusive comprises two i nozzles 26 and 27 held in operative'relation by. means of an internally screw-threaded casing 28, the latter engaging thenozzle 26 atone. end and the nozzle 27 at the other.

Nozzle '26 is screw-threaded as at .29 and connects with a suitable source of the material to be sprayed. Nozzle 26 in this formof the invention is also of elongated cylindrical design having a duct 30 extendingcen- .trally therethrough from end to end and 5' downwardly as shown at 33. A- correspondingly -tapered opening 34 is provided in the rear end of nozzle 27 into which thetapered end 33 of nozzle .26 extends forming with such'opening a restricted passage for the air from'chamber 35. The casing 28 is provided with an opening 36 communicating with the chamber 35,- this opening being screwthreaded and designed for connection with some suitable source of air under pressure. The outer end of nozzle 27 is also bell shaped as in the device shown in Fig. 1. The screw-threaded engagement between the nozzle 26 and casing 28 renders said nozzle readily adjustable with respect to the nozzle 27 so as to regulate and control the size oi the air passage 34. A look nut 37 is pro vided which holds the parts in adjusted position and against accidental displacement.

When the material to be sprayed is fed to the device under pressure, the nozzle 33 shown in Figs. 11 and 12 may, if desired, be used in place of the nozzle 27 to impart a wider spray to the mixture. Both the forms shown in Figs. 1 and 6 are especially designed to operate on the siphoning principle, although, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, these devices may also be employed, if desired, in spraying various materials where both the latter, as well as the air, are emitted under. pressure.

In Figs. 13 and 14 a trigger actuated valve arrangement is shown for controlling the flow of the material to be sprayed to the spraying device or nozzle when such material is 'fed to the spraying device under pressure. This trigger device comprises a valve casing 39 having an inlet opening 40 and a restricted outlet opening 41. One end of the casing in advance of the outlet opening 41 is provided with a screw-threaded socket; 42 designed to receive one end of a small section of pipe (not shown) to the other end of which the spraying device in either of the forms previously described, is attached. The other end of this valve casing is provided with a screw-threaded opening 43 which receives and supports an elongated centrally apertured guide 44. A needle valve 45 is reciprocably mounted in the guide 44'and cooperates with the restricted outlet 41 of the valve casing at its pointed end, a coil spring 46 normally tending to seat the valve. The outer end of the guide 44 is screw-threaded for receiving the cup 47 containing suitable packing material 48 for preventing leakage around the needle valve. A bifurcated arm 49 is attached to the valve casing as at 50 and extends rearwardly therefrom and supports the depending handle or grip 51 at its other end. A trigger 52 is pivotally attached to the arm 49 slightly in advance of the handle 51, and intermediate its ends, said trigger is also pivotally attached to the outer protruding end of the needle Valve 45. Thus, when the handle of the device is gripped and the trigger pulled rearwardly the needle valve is unseated. The coil spring 46 serves to re seat the valve immediately upon release of the trigger as will be obvious. This trigger device, as above pointed out, may be used for controlling the flow of the material to be sprayed to the spraying device when such material is supplied" to said device under pressure. It has; been found to be a very convenient form of control, although not necessary, as anordinary valve in a pipe line leadingdi rectly to the spraying device may be used to accomplish the same result.

In the operation of the sprayingdevice the air is" turned on and in its passage past the end of the inner nozzle siph'onsthe paint or other material therethrough, and: the air and material are then thoroughly intermixed and atomized Within the bell: shaped nozzle and discharged therefrom onto the surface to be coated. As previously pointed out the peculiar shaped end or head of the inner nozzle in the devices shown in Figs. 1 and 6, function very effectively in producing or imparting the proper motion to the inrush ing air so as to greatly enhance the siphon-1 ing action and the subsequent atomization. Paints, varnishes, etc., are applied evenly and smoothly and the depth and brilliancy of each coat are very pronounced and contrast sharply with coats of the same materials applied with air brushes of the types heretofore devised. An important advantage in the use of the present devices resides in the ease with which the same may be kept clean or repaired should occasion require, this being due to the extreme simplicity in construction.

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the present improvements are susceptible of various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit of the invention, and, accordingly, it is not desired to limit or restrict the same to the particular forms or arrangements of parts herein illustrated, except where limitations appear in the appended claims.

I claim 1. In a device of the class described, an elongated stem having a passage therethrough, a casing surrounding said stem and spaced therefrom to form a chamber, and an elongated outwardly flared nozzle attached to one end of said casing, said stem projecting into said nozzle.

2. In a device of the class described, an elongated nozzle having a passage therethrough, and adapted to be connected to a source of material to be sprayed, a casing surrounding said nozzle and spaced therefrom to form a chamber, an inlet for admitting air to said chamber, and a second nozzle attached to one end of said casing, said second nozzle being of outwardly flared bell shape and said first nozzle projecting into the small end thereof in such wise as to form a restricted passage for the outlet of air from said chamber.

3. In a device of the class described, an elongated stem having a passage therethrough, a casing surrounding said stem and spaced therefrom to form a chamber, and

an elongated outwardly flared nozzle at tached to one end of said casing, said stem projecting into said nozzle and being adjust able with respect thereto.

4. In a spraying device, an elongated nozzle'h'aving a raised shoulder formed thereon near its outer end, said nozzle diminishing in diameter rearwardly of said shoulder and having anoppositely tapered head in advance thereof, and a second nozzle of hell shape enclosing the end ofthe first nozzle and flaring. outwardly therefrom.

5. In spraying-apparatus, a nozzle,-a housing through which the liquid passes in its travel to' said nozzle, a restricted passage in said housing, a needle valve cooperating therewith, means for normally maintaining said valve closed, a bifurcated arm carried by said housing and a trigger pivoted to said arm and to the outer end of said valve for operating the latter.

6. In a spraying device, a plurality of nozzles, one extending into the other and forming therewith a restricted passage for the admission of air therebetween, the inner nozzle being of elongated cylindrical design and having a raised portion near its outer end, and the outer nozzle being bell shaped and of smallest diameter adjacent said passage.

7. In a spraying device, a plurality of nozzles, one extending into the other and forming therewith a restricted passage for the admission of air therebetween, the inner nozzle being of elongated cylindrical design and having a raised portion near its outer end adapted to coact with said passage in imparting the desired motion to the outflowing air.

8. In a spraying device, a plurality of nozzles, one extending into the other and forming therewith a restricted passage for the admission of air therebetween, the inner nozzle being of elongated cylindrical design and having a raised portion near its outer end, and the outer nozzle being bell shaped and of smallest diameter adjacent said passage and said raised portion of the inner nozzle.

9. In a spraying device, a plurality of nozzles, one extending into the other and forming therewith a restricted passage for the admission of air therebetween, the inner nozzle being of elongated cylindrical design and having a raised portion near its outer end, and the outer nozzle being bell shaped and of smallest diameter adjacent said pas sage and said raised portion of the inner nozzle, said nozzles being relatively adjustable.

10. In a spraying device, an elongated nozzle having a raised shoulder formed thereon near its outer end, said nozzle diminishing in diameter rearwardly of said shoulder and having an oppositely tapered head in advance thereof, and a second nozzle of bell shape enclosing the end of said first nozzle.

'11. Ina spraying device, an elongated nozzle having a raised shoulder formed thereon near its outer end, said nozzle'diminishing in diameter rearWa-rdly of said shoulder and having an oppositely tapered head in advance thereof, and a second nozzle of hell shape enclosing the end of said first nozzle, the latter extending into the former in such Wise as to provide a restricted passage therebetween in the rear of said shoulder and head.

15 12. In a spraying device, an elongated nozzle having a raised shoulder formed thereon near its outer end, said nozzle diminishing in diameter rearwardly of said shoulder and having an oppositely tapered head in advance thereof, and a second nozzle of bell shape enclosing the end of said first nozzle, the latter extending into the former in such Wise as to provide a restricted passage therebetween to the rear of said shoulder and head, said nozzles being 6 relatively adjustable.

In testimony whereof, I have subscribed my name.

JAMES W. GIBBONS. 

